Abstract

Abstract

Background: Anjananamika, described under Vartmagata Roga in classical Ayurvedic texts, closely resembles the condition of stye (hordeolum) in modern ophthalmology. It is characterized by a localized, painful, and suppurative swelling at the eyelid margin. While modern medicine attributes its origin primarily to bacterial infection—commonly by Staphylococcus aureus—Ayurveda considers it a manifestation of Pitta–Rakta Dushti with localized involvement of the eyelid (Vartma). Objective: To present a comprehensive and comparative analysis of the pathophysiology, clinical features, and management of Anjananamika from both Ayurvedic and modern perspectives. Materials and Methods:  study is based on a narrative review of classical Ayurvedic literature, including Sushruta Samhita and Ashtanga Hridaya, along with relevant modern ophthalmological concepts. The collected information was critically analyzed to establish correlations between the two systems of medicine. Results: Both Ayurveda and modern medicine describe Anjananamika/stye as an acute inflammatory condition of the eyelid with similar clinical manifestations such as pain, redness, swelling, and suppuration. Modern medicine emphasizes glandular blockage and bacterial infection as primary causes, whereas Ayurveda highlights the role of vitiated Pitta and Rakta Dosha leading to Shotha (inflammation) and Paka (suppuration). Ayurvedic management includes Sthanika Chikitsa (local therapies), internal medications, and lifestyle modifications aimed at correcting the underlying doshic imbalance. Conclusion: An integrative understanding of Anjananamika provides a broader insight into its etiopathogenesis and management. While modern treatment ensures prompt symptomatic relief, Ayurvedic principles offer a holistic approach targeting the root cause and prevention of recurrence. This combined approach may enhance therapeutic outcomes and promote sustainable ocular health.