Review Article
Year: 2025 |Volume: 6 | Issue: 12 |Pages: 85-91
Comparison Between Aangmarda Prashamana Gana and Shoola Prashamana Gana.
About Author
Correspondence Address:
Ingale V., Mujawar R. Comparison Between Aangmarda Prashamana Gana and Shoola Prashamana Gana. Int J Ind Med 2025;6(12):85-91 DOI: http://doi.org/10.55552/IJIM.2025.61213
Date of Acceptance: 2025-12-10
Date of Publication:2026-01-03
Article-ID:IJIM_495_01_26 http://ijim.co.in
Source of Support: Nill
Conflict of Interest: Non declared
How To Cite This Article: Ingale V., Mujawar R. Comparison Between Aangmarda Prashamana Gana and Shoola Prashamana Gana. Int J Ind Med 2025;6(12):85-91 DOI: http://doi.org/10.55552/IJIM.2025.61213
Abstract
Ayurveda is science of life which deals with various unique concepts and diseases and
also its prevention. In Ayurveda there is various different topics were covered in all Samhitas. In Dravyaguna Ganas. or Mahakashaya plays very important in Chikitsa of patient. This will helps in diagnosis as well as proper treatment. Mahakashaya was the one of the unique and important concept mentioned by Acharya Charaka in his Charaka Samhita. Mahakashaya includes total 50 Mahakashaya which has each 1 Mahakashaya includes 10 dravyas for each specific Karma. In this all 50 Mahakashaya, in this review Aangamarda Prashamana Mahakashaya and Shoola Prashamana Mahakashaya were discussed. Mahakashaya were also called as Gana. This both Ganas includes different 10 drugs which has acts on Aangamarda and Shoola Vyadhi. Both Gana deals with Vata Dosha Prakopa or Vatavyadhi specially RA, OA, Arthritis, Joint pain, Bodyache, Myalgia, Neuralgia, etc. This dravyas can be taken in the form of decoctions, powder, oils, ghee etc. Any formulation can be made according to the disease and patients condition for better relief. We can use even 4-5 dravys from each Gana and can be combine both Ganas in severe and chronic cases for better results outcome. In this article there is comparison between Aangamarda Prashamana Mahakashaya and Shoola Prashamana Mahakashaya were discussed and there action, karma, Gunas etc mentioned. Also their mode of action mentioned for easy understanding and for use.
Keywords: Gana, Mahakashaya, Ayurveda, Charaka Samhita.
Introduction
Ayurveda, the science of healthful living, is the most rational and scientific among the ancient systems of medicine, which has struck deep and permanent roots in the minds of the people of the country about its capacity to provide effective cure for all types of diseases1. Effectivity is depend on the identification, procurement, processing and preservation and dispensing of prepared drug. Acharya Charaka has mentioned various unique concepts in which Mahakashaya are one of them. Charaka described total 50 Mahakashayas in which each Mahakashaya consists 10 dravyas2. In this article we discussed here Aangamarda Prashamana Gana and Shoola Prashamana Gana or Mahakashaya. As Aangamarda and Shoola are developed due to the Vata Dosha Prakopa or vitiation. As this 10 each herbs can be taken in the form of Kwatha, Churna, Ghan Vati, Kalka, etc also there Siddha Ghrita or Taila also prepared according to the disease condition. This both Ganas or Mahakashayas Kwatha etc can be used in different Vatavyadhis like Sandhigata, Aamavata, RA, OA, Joint pain, swelling, etc. In Ayurveda Pain is associated with only Vata Dosha dushti3. Aangamarda Prashamana Gana usually used in bodyache, Myalgia, Foetigue and also stated as Analgesic group.
Objectives of the study –
To compare the drugs of Aangamarda and Shoola Prashamana Mahakashaya.
Methodology –
Details of Aangamarda Prashamana and Shoola Prashamana Gana –
Aangamarda Prashamana Gana or Mahakashaya –
Details of drugs5,6 –
|
Sr. no. |
NAME |
BOTANICAL NAME |
FAMILY |
RASPANCHAK |
PART USED |
|
1 |
Vidarigandha |
Desmodium gangeticum |
Fabaceae |
Ras – Madhura, tikta Guna – guru, snigadha Virya – ushna Vipaka - madhura |
Moola |
|
2 |
Prashniparni |
Uraria picta |
Fabaceae |
Ras –Madhur, tikta Guna – laghu, snigadha Virya – ushna Vipaka – madhura |
Moola |
|
3 |
Brihati |
Solanum indicum |
Solanaceae |
Ras – katu, tikta Guna – laghu, ruksha, tikshana Virya – ushna Vipaka – katu |
Moola |
|
4 |
Kantakari |
Solanum surattense |
Solanacee |
Ras – tikta, katu Guna – laghu, ruksha, tikshana Virya – ushna Vipaka – katu |
Panchanga |
|
5 |
Eranda |
Ricinus communis |
Euphorbiaceae |
Ras – Madhura Guna –snigdha, sukshama, tikshana, sara Virya – ushna Vipaka – madhua |
Moola |
|
6 |
Kakoli |
Roscoea procera |
zingiberaceae |
Ras-madhura Guna-guru, snigdha Virya -sheeta Vipaka - madahura |
Moola |
|
7 |
Chandana |
Santalum album |
Santalin aceae |
Ras – tikta Guna – laghu, ruksha Virya – sheeta Vipaka – katu |
Kanda |
|
8 |
Usheer |
Vetiveria zizanioides |
Poaceae |
Ras – tikta, Madhura Guna – laghu, snigadha Virya – sheeta Vipaka – katu |
Moola |
|
9 |
Ela |
Elettaria cardamom um |
zingiber aceae |
Ras – katu, Madhura Guna – laghu, ruksha Virya – sheeta Vipaka – Madhura |
Beeja |
|
10 |
Madhuk |
Glycyrrhiza glabra |
Fabaceae |
Ras – Madhura Guna – guru, snigdha Virya – sheeta Vipaka – Madhura |
Moola |
Drugs and their Pharmacological action7,8 –
|
Sr. no. |
NAME |
PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION |
|
1 |
Vidarigandha |
Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, diuretic, neuromuscular stabilizer |
|
2 |
Prashniparni |
Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, immune modulator. |
|
3 |
Brihati |
Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, bronchodilator, anti-asthmatic |
|
4 |
Kantakari |
Anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, bronchodilator. |
|
5 |
Eranda |
Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, laxative, aphrodisiac |
|
6 |
Kakoli |
Nourishing, Soothener, rejuvinative |
|
7 |
Chandana |
Diuretic, blood purifier, coolant, complexion enhancer |
|
8 |
Usheer |
Antibacterial, coolant, diuretic, blood purifier, complexion enhancer |
|
9 |
Ela |
Blood purifier, complexion enhancer, Anti-tussive, diuretic, immune modulator |
|
10 |
Madhuk |
Complexion enhancer, Rejuvinative, expectorant |
Shoola Prashamana Gana or Mahakashaya9 –
Details of drugs10,11 –
|
Sr. no. |
NAME |
BOTANICAL NAME |
FAMILY |
RASPANCHAK |
PART USED |
|
1 |
Pippali |
Piper longum |
Piperaceae |
Ras – katu Guna – Laghu, Tikshna Virya – ushna Vipaka – madhura |
Phala |
|
2 |
Pippalimoola |
Long pepper root |
Piperaceae |
Ras – katu Guna – Laghu, Tikshna Virya – ushna Vipaka – madhura |
Root |
|
3 |
Chavya |
Piper retrofractum |
Piperaceae |
Ras – katu Guna – laghu, ruksha Virya – ushna Vipaka – katu |
Root |
|
4 |
Chitraka |
Plumbago zeylanica |
Plumbaginaceae |
Ras – katu Guna – tikshana, ushna Virya – ushna Vipaka – katu |
Root bark |
|
5 |
Shringavera |
Zingiber officinale |
Zingiberacece |
Ras – Katu Guna – Guru, Ruksha, tikshana Virya – ushna Vipaka – madhura |
Rhizome |
|
6 |
Maricha |
Piper nigrum |
Piperaceae |
Ras- - Katu Guna- Laghu, Sukshma, Tikshna Virya -Ushna Vipaka - Katu |
Phala, dried unripe fruit |
|
7 |
Ajamoda |
Carum roxburghianum |
Umbellifereae |
Ras – Katu, tikta Guna – laghu, ruksha, Tikshna Virya – Ushna Vipaka – katu |
Fruit |
|
8 |
Ajagandha |
Cleome gynandra |
Capparidaceae |
Ras – Katu Guna – Tikshna Virya – Ushna Vipaka – katu |
Seeds, leaf, root |
|
9 |
Ajaji |
Cuminum cyminum |
Umbelliferae |
Ras – katu Guna – laghu, ruksha Virya – ushna Vipaka – katu |
Bija |
|
10 |
Gandira |
Euphorbia antiquorum |
Euphorbiaceae |
Ras – Katu Guna – Tikshna, Guru Virya – Ushna Vipaka – Katu |
Whole plant |
Drugs and their Pharmacological action12,13 –
|
Sr. no. |
NAME |
PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION |
|
1 |
Pippali |
Analgesic, carminative, anti-spasmodic, appetizer, rejuvinative, liver stimulant, digestive |
|
2 |
Pippalimoola |
Anti-spasmodic, digestive, Carminative, stimulant |
|
3 |
Chavya |
Antipyretic, Analgesic, wormicide, liver stimulant |
|
4 |
Chitraka |
Anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, bronchodilator. |
|
5 |
Shringavera |
Stimulant, Antipyretic, Analgesic, digestive |
|
6 |
Maricha |
Digestive, carminative, analgesic, anti-spasmodic, wormicide |
|
7 |
Ajamoda |
Analgesic, stimulant, digestive, carminative, anti-flatulent |
|
8 |
Ajagandha |
Liver stimulant, antipyretic, anti-flatulent |
|
9 |
Ajaji |
Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, stimulant, wormicide |
|
10 |
Gandira |
Antimicrobial, stimulant, purgative, rubificient |
Comparison of Aangamarda Prashamana and Shoola Prashamana Gana –
|
Details |
Aangamarda Prashamana Gana |
Shoola Prashamana Gana |
|
Drugs |
Vidardigandha, Prushniparni, Bruhati, Kantakari, Eranda, Kakoli, Chandana, Ushira, Madhuka, Ela |
Pippali, Pippalimula, Chavya, Chitraka, Shunthi, Maricha, Ajamoda, Ajaji, Ajagandha, Gandira |
|
Karma |
Aangamarda, Bodychae, Myalgia |
Vatashamaka, Shoola, Pain |
|
Action |
All drugs mostly have Analgesic, Anti-inflamatory, Antibacterial, Blood purifier, Coolant |
Analgesic, Digestive, Liver stimulant, Carminative, Antipyretic, Stimulant, Wormicide, Anti-spasmodic |
Discussion
Aangamarda Prashamana Gana and Shoola Prashamana Gana these 2 are different Ganas were mentioned in Charaka Samhita Sutrasthana adhyaya 4th.14 These 2 Ganas includes 10 different herbs which are acts on specially Aangamarda and Shoola Vyadhis. This both works on mostly Vata Dosha Prakopa and its vitiation. Acharya Charaka has described very uniquely this 2 different Ganas which are Aanagamarda and Shoola. Generally, all drugs of Aangamarda Prashamana Gana are having Katu, Tikta, Madhura Rasa, Guru, Snigdha Gunas, Ushna Virya and Katu Vipaki. This are acts as Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, immunity booster and helps to reduces the vitiation of Vata Dosha15. This are effective in Bodyache, Neuralgia, Myalgia, Chronic pain etc. The drugs of Shoola Prashamana Gana includes Ushna Virya, acts on Vata dosha, Katu, Tikta Rasa, Katu Vipaki. This drugs are having mostly Deepana, Pachana, Shoolahara, Vatahara, Mrudutakaraka properties. There chemical constitution leads to anti-spasmodic, analgesic, digestive, carminative actions. This drugs are mostly Ushna Gunatmaka and Viryatmaka, which develops Ushnata in the body helps to reduces the Vata vitiation.
Conclusion
Here in this article, 2 different Ganas are discussed and their comparative efficacy. These can be used in various forms according to patient need and diseased condition. This can be used in the form of Kwatha, Churna, Hima, Phanta, Taila, Ghrita etc. This 10 herbs are mentioned by Acharya Charaka according to their action or Karma given. Which are also acts on Tridoshas according to there Rasa, Virya, Vipaka, Guna, Karma. This Mahakashaya provides various options to the practitioner for clinical practice. There knowledge provides scope in Ayurveda for practitioner to make its various formulations according to Doshapradhanyata and Yukti of Vaidyas. This are unique each 10 herbs for specific Gana or Mahakashaya which are helpful for curing disease and cost effective, easy to prepare and easy to use. This assure comprehensive plant based medicines and effective for patients.
References
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